英語の動詞は原形から、過去形と過去分詞形に変化します。過去分詞は、英語の動詞の変化形の1つです。
「~される」、「~された」などの受け身の文や、haveとセットで完了の文などで使われます。
過去形と同じ形の物も多いのですが、規則動詞と不規則動詞を判別する方法はないので覚えていくという地道な方法しかありません。
過去分詞は英語でpast participleです。「p.p.」と略されることがあります。
規則変化動詞は、過去分詞形も過去形と同じで、
原形 | 意味 | 現在形 | 過去形 | 過去分詞形 |
---|---|---|---|---|
like | 好き | like | liked | liked |
play | プレイする | play | played | played |
stop | 止まる | stop | stopped | stopped |
study | 勉強する | study | studied | studied |
use | 使う | use | used | used |
不規則変化動詞は語尾に-ed,-dをつけずに不規則に変化する。
原形 | 意味 | 現在形 | 過去形 | 過去分詞形 |
---|---|---|---|---|
bring | 持ってくる | bring | brought | brought |
build | 建てる | build | built | built |
buy | 買う | buy | bought | bought |
catch | 捕まえる | catch | caught | caught |
feel | 感じる | feel | felt | felt |
find | 見つける | find | found | found |
forget | 忘れる | forget | forgot | forgot |
get | 手に入れる | get | got | got |
have | 持つ | have/has | had | had |
hear | 聞こえる | hear | heard | heard |
hold | 抱える | hold | held | held |
keep | 保つ | keep | kept | kept |
lay | 横たえる | lay | laid | laid |
lead | 導く | lead | led | led |
leave | 立ち去る | leave | left | left |
lend | 貸す | lend | lent | lent |
lose | なくす、失う | lose | lost | lost |
sleep | 眠る | sleep | slept | slept |
make | 作る | make | made | made |
mean | 意味する | mean | meant | meant |
meet | 会う | meet | met | met |
say | 言う | say | said | said |
sell | 売る | sell | sold | sold |
send | 送る | send | sent | sent |
shoot | 撃つ | shoot | shot | shot |
sit | 座る | sit | sat | sat |
spend | 費やす、過ごす | spend | spent | spent |
stand | 立つ | stand | stood | stood |
teach | 教える | teach | taught | taught |
tell | 話す | tell | told | told |
think | 思う、考える | think | thought | thought |
understand | 理解する | understand | understood | understood |
win | 勝つ | win | won | won |
原形 | 意味 | 現在形 | 過去形 | 過去分詞形 |
---|---|---|---|---|
become | ~になる | become | became | become |
come | 来る | come | came | come |
run | 走る | run | ran | run |
原形 | 意味 | 現在形 | 過去形 | 過去分詞形 |
---|---|---|---|---|
be | です、いる、ある、なる | is/am | was | been |
be | です、いる、ある、なる | are | were | been |
begin | 始まる | begin | began | begun |
break | 壊す | break | broke | broken |
choose | 選ぶ | choose | chose | chosen |
do | する | do | did | done |
draw | 描く | draw | drew | drawn |
drink | 飲む | drink | drank | drunk |
drive | 運転する | drive | drove | driven |
eat | 食べる | eat | ate | eaten |
fall | 落ちる | fall | fell | fallen |
fly | 飛ぶ | fly | flew | flown |
give | 与える | give | gave | given |
go | 行く | go | went | gone |
grow | 成長する | grow | grew | grown |
hide | 隠れる | hide | hid | hidden |
know | 知る | know | knew | known |
lie | 横たわる | lie | lay | lain |
ride | 乗る | ride | rode | ridden |
see | 見る | see | saw | seen |
shake | 振る | shake | shook | shaken |
show | 見せる、示す | show | showed | shown |
sing | 歌う | sing | sang | sung |
speak | 話す | speak | spoke | spoken |
steal | 盗む | steal | stole | stolen |
swim | 泳ぐ | swim | swam | swum |
take | 取る | take | took | taken |
tear | 裂く | tear | tore | torn |
throw | 投げる | throw | threw | thrown |
wake | 目を覚ます | wake | woke | woken |
wear | 着る | wear | wore | worn |
write | 書く | write | wrote | written |
原形 | 意味 | 現在形 | 過去形 | 過去分詞形 |
---|---|---|---|---|
cost | 金額がかかる | cost | cost | cost |
cut | 切る | cut | cut | cut |
hit | 叩く | hit | hit | hit |
hurt | 傷つける | hurt | hurt | hurt |
let | させる | let | let | let |
put | 置く | put | put | put |
set | 置く(定められた位置に) | set | set | set |
shut | 閉じる | shut | shut | shut |
read | 読む | read(リード) | read(レッド) | read(レッド) |